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Laotian Oud

Q: Is Laotian Oud natural or synthetic?

. Extraction: Hydrodistillation of fungus-infected Aquilaria crassna heartwood, typically over 48–72 hours at atmospheric pressure. The prolonged distillation is necessary to extract heavy sesquiterpenoids with boiling points above 300°C. Steam distillation under pressure (120–150°C) can shorten the process to 20–40 hours but may alter the aromatic profile. CO2 supercritical extraction is used for premium applications where a broader spectrum of chromone derivatives is desired. Oil yield ranges from 0.02% to 0.4% depending on wood grade and resin density — roughly 250–5,000 kg of infected wood per kilogram of oil. CAS for A. crassna oil: 958663-49-5..

WOODS AND MOSSES / woody · balsamic · spicy

Laotian Oud

Category	WOODS AND MOSSES
Subcategory	woody · balsamic · spicy
Origin
Volatility	Base Note
Botanical	Aquilaria crassna
Appearance	Dark amber to brown viscous liquid
Odor Strength	Medium
Producing Countries	Laos
Pyramid	Base

Smoky-sweet, with an animalic opening that softens into syrupy wood and dried fruit. Laotian oud reads warmer and more resinous than Cambodian, less barnyard than Indian — a darkly honeyed wood tinged with leather and old incense.

Scent
Terroir & Origins
The Full Story
Fun Fact
Extraction & Chemistry
In Perfumery

Scent

Opens pungent and animalic — barnyard leather, fermented fruit — then pivots into a smoky-sweet woodiness laced with dried apricot and raw honey. Less medicinal than Cambodian oud, less fecal than Indian. The mid-development has a creamy, almost balsamic quality that recalls aged sandalwood, but darker and more resinous.

On paper, the dry-down is warm, musky, and quietly persistent — a low hum of incense and aged wood that lingers for days.

Evolution over time

Immediately

Pungent, animalic leather and fermented fruit over smoky wood

After a few hours

Syrupy dried-fruit sweetness, resinous balsamic warmth, creamy sandalwood-like undertone

After a few days

Low musky-woody hum, aged incense, persistent and quietly tenacious

Terroir & Maturity

Indicative 2025 wholesale prices.

The Full Story

Distilled from the infected heartwood of Aquilaria crassn a Pierre ex Lecomte — a tree native to Laos, Cambodi a, Vietnam, and Thailand — Laotian oud oil sits between the stark animalism of Indian oud (A. malaccens is) and the damp green earthiness of Indonesian (A. beccarian a, A. microcarp a). The Laotian profile opens pungent and leathery, then resolves into a syrupy, woody sweetness with dried-fruit and faintly floral qualities. Not clean in any clinical sense, but less confrontational than Hindi oud.

Chemically, the oil is dominated by sesquiterpenes — agarospirol (CAS 1460-73-7, C₁₅H₂₆O), jinkoh-eremol, hinesol, eudesmols — alongside 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromone derivatives, which are now understood as the primary markers distinguishing genuine agarwood from imitations. Research on A. crassna specimens from Laos has yielded novel dimeric chromone structures not found in other origins.

All Aquilaria species are listed under CITES Appendix II (since 2004), requiring export permits and chain-of-custody documentation. Wild A. crassna in Laos is severely depleted. Plantation cultivation exists but remains limited compared to Indonesian operations. Yields are extremely low: industrial hydrodistillation runs 48–72 hours and returns roughly 0.02–0.4% oil by weight, depending on wood grade and resin content.

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Did You Know?

Did you know?

Aquilaria crassna was first described by Jean Baptiste Louis Pierre and published posthumously by Paul Henri Lecomte in 1915 (Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France 61:411). Pierre had initially sketched the species in his Flore Forestière de Cochinchine (plate 285, 1899), but that publication was not considered taxonomically valid.

Extraction & Chemistry

Extraction method: Hydrodistillation of fungus-infected Aquilaria crassna heartwood, typically over 48–72 hours at atmospheric pressure. The prolonged distillation is necessary to extract heavy sesquiterpenoids with boiling points above 300°C. Steam distillation under pressure (120–150°C) can shorten the process to 20–40 hours but may alter the aromatic profile. CO2 supercritical extraction is used for premium applications where a broader spectrum of chromone derivatives is desired. Oil yield ranges from 0.02% to 0.4% depending on wood grade and resin density — roughly 250–5,000 kg of infected wood per kilogram of oil. CAS for A. crassna oil: 958663-49-5.

↑ See Terroir & Origins for origin-specific methods.

Molecular Formula	Complex mixture — key compounds: agarol, agarospirol C₁₅H₂₆O, jinkoh-eremol
CAS Number	958663-49-5 (Aquilaria crassna oil)
Botanical Name	Aquilaria crassna
IFRA Status	No known restrictions
Synonyms	Agarwood, Oud, Aloeswood
Physical Properties
Odor Strength	Medium
Appearance	Dark amber to brown viscous liquid
Specific Gravity	0.95000 to 1.05000 @ 25.00 °C (est)

In Perfumery

Base note and fixative. Laotian oud anchors compositions where oud presence is wanted without the aggression of Hindi oils — rose-oud pairings, clean woody ambers, incense-forward accords. Its resinous sweetness bridges well toward amber, sandalwood, and saffron bases. In functional terms, the sesquiterpene backbone provides notable tenacity (the oil can persist on blotter for days), while the chromone fraction adds aromatic complexity that pure synthetics cannot replicate. Key synthetic alternatives used to approximate or extend oud in formulas include Iso E Super (woody-amber halo), Cashmeran (warm musky-woody), and Georgywood (dry cedarwood-oud quality). Most commercial 'oud' fragrances use these molecules in combination rather than genuine distilled oil, due to cost and batch variability.