Олія березового дьогтю
Birch tar oil is an oil obtained from the tar of birch bark and wood.
- Type
- Складник
- Olfactive family
- Шкіряні
- Source
- bark and wood
- Chemical class
- complex natural (pyrolysis product)
Запах
Докладно
Цікавий факт
In the traditional making of birch oil, a burn could go on for ten days continuously, day and night. A quantity of five hundred 'fuhren' of birch bark could give three thousand buckets of tar.
Отримання й хімія
Спосіб отримання
Crude birch tar oil is derived by pyrolysis, or destructive distillation, of the wood or bark of Betula pubescens, Betula pendula, Betula lenta or Betula alba. The rectified oil is obtained from the crude tar by steam distillation. In traditional leathermaking the birch oil, called degot, was made by a partial pyrolysis and distillation process similar to the making of turpentine. Distillation was performed by a process akin to charcoal burning, in a large, shallow conical pit lined with clay. A smaller-scale process was also carried out by some individuals using a kettle-like clay pot a couple of feet high.
- Формула
- Complex natural mixture (key constituents: guaiacol C₇H₈O₂; cresol; pyrocatechol C₆H₆O₂)
- CAS
- 8001-88-5
- Ботанічна назва
- Betula pendula, Betula pubescens, Betula lenta, Betula alba
- Зовнішній вигляд
- brown liquid
- Синоніми
- Birch tar, Oil of white birch, Oleum Rusci Pyroligneum, Oleum Betulae Pyroligneum, Birch oil
Prohibited (crude) / Specification (rectified distillates) — IFRA Standard « Birch wood pyrolysate » (Amendment 47); the two PAH markers, benzopyrene and 1,2-benzanthracene, should not exceed 1 ppb in total in the final product
- Температура кипіння
- 175 °C
- Температура спалаху
- 185 °F
- Відносна густина
- 0.926 to 0.955 at 20°
- Показник заломлення
- 1.538 (n20/D)
У парфумерії
Birch bark tar became a specialty fragrance material in perfumery, used as a base note to impart a leathery, smoky note. It is used especially in fragrances of the leather and tobacco genre, and to a lesser extent in chypres. In chypres it is found especially in Cuir de Russie perfumes and fragrance bases, typically together with castoreum and isobutyl quinoline. Birch bark tar is also used as an ingredient in some soaps.
Див. також
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