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Camellia japonica
Definicija

Camellia japonica, the Japanese camellia, is a species of flowering plant in the tea family Theaceae, native to China and Japan.

CVETNI ZELEN SLADAK SVEŽ KREMAST
Common camellia, Japanese camellia
Type
Sirovina
Olfactive family
Cvetni
Source
seeds (oil)
Chemical class
fatty oil
Instrumenti
Piramida
GGornje note
SSrednje note
BBazne note
Zemlje proizvođači
Japan

Miris

Methyl salicylate and 1,2-dimethoxybenzene increase during flowering and have an intense sweet scent, and benzaldehyde, which also accumulates, has a sweet aroma. A furan compound and (E)-2-hexenal, which both decline, have strong woody and grassy scents.

Detaljno

Camellia japonica grows naturally in forests at altitudes of around 300-1,100 metres. In the wild, it flowers between January and March. The flowers measure 6-10 centimetres across. Flowers of the wild species have six or seven rose or white petals. The fruit is a globe-shaped capsule with three compartments, each holding one or two large brown seeds. Fruiting occurs in September to October in the wild. There are thousands of cultivars of C. japonica, with many colors and forms of flowers, mainly as garden ornamental plants.

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Relatives and tea

Camellia sinensis, the tea plant, is of major commercial importance because tea is made from its leaves. Camellia japonica can also be used to make tea, and its processed leaves show aromatic fragrance. The plant contains caffeine and catechins of the same kind as C. sinensis.

Scent of the flowers

Linalool oxide, linalool, methyl benzoate, methyl salicylate, phenyl ethyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, benzyl alcohol and acetophenone were found in Camellia flowers. Acetophenone was found only in the C. sasanqua group.

Tsubaki oil

Tea seed oil is an edible plant oil, also known as camellia oil, camellia seed oil or tsubaki oil. In Japan, the seeds of Camellia japonica, called tsubaki, are used for it. Oleic acid is the predominant fatty acid and represents 88.2% of the total lipids in C. japonica. Palmitic acid and linolenic acid are found in minor concentrations. The composition of the oil is similar to that of olive oil. Tsubaki oil has traditionally been applied to protect Japanese swords and carbon steel blades from rust. The oil is also used to clean and polish shogi boards and pieces. The Japanese Pharmacopoeia includes camellia oil as a fatty oil from the seeds of Camellia japonica for pharmaceutical use. In Japan, it is used as an edible oil for tempura, stir-frying and salad dressings. Tea seed oil has a high smoke point of 252 °C (486 °F) and is the main cooking oil in some southern provinces of China, such as Hunan.

Zanimljivosti

Camellia flowers bloom when the weather is still cold, and insects are then not very active, so the flowers have to rely on birds for pollination. The Japanese white-eye, Zosterops japonicus, pollinates Camellia japonica.

Dobijanje i hemija

Način dobijanja

Tsubaki oil is pressed from the seeds of Camellia japonica. In China the same kind of oil is obtained mainly from the seeds of Camellia oleifera or Camellia sasanqua.

Formula
Complex natural mixture (key constituents: oleic acid C₁₈H₃₄O₂)
Botanički naziv
Camellia japonica
Sinonimi
Common camellia, Japanese camellia
Status prema standardima IFRA
Pogledajte napomenu

No IFRA Standard for the material itself (51st Amendment)

U parfemima

In cosmetics, tsubaki oil is used as a hair oil, for skin care and as a moisturizer. Camellia oil pressed from the seeds of Camellia japonica has traditionally been used in Japan for hair care.

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