Geranil-acetat

SintetičkaCVETOVIcvetni · voćni · ružin

Srednje notePiramida

—Jačina

24hTrajnost

3Poreklo

Uzorak

Geranil-acetat kao sirovina za parfeme — Srednje note

N/A — synthetic ester (also found in Cymbopogon, Pelargonium, and Eucalyptus oils)

Definicija

Ripe pear skin over a bed of crushed rose petals. Geranyl acetate is the softer, fruitier sibling of geraniol — where geraniol is a rose in full sun, this ester wraps it in waxy sweetness and a faint green coolness.

CVETNI CITRUSNI VOĆNI SVEŽ

GERANYL ACETATE (E)-3,7-DIMETHYL-2,6-OCTADIEN-1-YL ACETATE

Type: Sirovina
Olfactive family: Cvetni
Source: flower
Chemical class: ester (terpenoid)

Instrumenti

Piramida

GGornje note

SSrednje note

BBazne note

Trajnost na mirisnoj traci

24sati

1 h6 h24 h3 d7 d400 h

pri 100 %

Zemlje proizvođači

Kina Indija Sjedinjene Američke Države

Miris

Sweet, rosy-floral with a pronounced pear-skin fruitiness. Waxy and slightly green, with a faint cool edge. Softer and more rounded than geraniol, less sharp than citronellol, and without the honeyed depth of phenylethyl alcohol. At low doses it reads as transparent fruit; at higher concentrations the rose character asserts itself with a soapy, clean quality. Substantivity of approximately 24 hours at full concentration.

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KOMPLET DISCOVERY SET7 × 2 ml →EKSTRAKT PARFEMASedam ekstrakata →

Detaljno

Geranyl acetate (CAS 105-87-3, C₁₂H₂₀O₂) [1] is the acetate ester of geraniol — a colourless to pale-yellow liquid with a soft, ripe-pear / rose-fruity character. It occurs naturally at significant concentrations in palmarosa (Cymbopogon martinii), citronella (Cymbopogon nardus), petitgrain bigarade, geranium (Pelargonium graveolens, up to 5–15%) and lemongrass. Commercial product is synthesised by esterification of geraniol with acetic anhydride.

Explore all seven extraits in the Discovery Set.

In perfumery, geranyl acetate is the workhorse of rose-floral accords — it adds the fruity-pear lift that rose absolute alone lacks, and softens the green-citronellal edge of geranium oil. It pairs naturally with linalool, citronellol, ionones, and the rest of the rose-leaf chemistry. Geranyl acetate is not subject to an IFRA Standard (51st Amendment). Its parent alcohol, geraniol, is restricted (IFRA Standard, Category 4: 4.7%); any free geraniol left in the material counts toward that limit.

Sources

PubChem CID 1549026 — geranyl acetate, CAS 105-87-3. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/1549026
Geranyl acetate, CAS 105-87-3. NIST Chemistry WebBook, SRD 69. https://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=105-87-3
IFRA Standards Library, 51st Amendment — Index of IFRA Standards (geranyl acetate, CAS 105-87-3, not listed). https://d3t14p1xronwr0.cloudfront.net/docs/Standards-Documentation/ifra-51st-amendment-index-of-ifra-standards.pdf
IFRA Standard Geraniol, CAS 106-24-1, Amendment 51 (2023). https://d3t14p1xronwr0.cloudfront.net/docs/standards/IFRA_STD_037.pdf
The Good Scents Company — geranyl acetate, CAS 105-87-3 (usage recommendation). https://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/data/rw1030092.html

Istorija

First prepared in 1869 by Ferdinand Tiemann at the University of Berlin, who acetylated natural geraniol isolated from palmarosa oil. The reaction confirmed the hydroxyl group in geraniol and established the ester's identity. Large-scale Fischer esterification processes developed in the early-to-mid 20th century transformed geranyl acetate into a high-volume industrial ingredient. Today it is produced at several hundred tonnes per year and ranks among the most common terpene esters in both fragrance and flavour industries.

Since July 2023, EU Regulation 2023/1545 classifies geranyl acetate as a fragrance allergen requiring mandatory label declaration in cosmetic products above specified thresholds (0.001% leave-on, 0.01% rinse-off), with compliance deadlines of July 2026 for new products and July 2028 for existing ones.

Zanimljivosti

In 1869, Ferdinand Tiemann at the University of Berlin acetylated geraniol isolated from palmarosa oil, producing geranyl acetate and confirming its structural identity. The same Tiemann later synthesised vanillin (1874) and ionone (1893) — three molecules that between them underpin half of modern perfumery.

Dobijanje i hemija

Način dobijanja

Industrial production: Fischer esterification of geraniol with acetic acid or acetic anhydride, acid-catalysed, yielding geranyl acetate at high purity (90–100% assay, typically containing 4–6% residual geraniol and 1–2% neryl acetate as the cis-isomer). Also obtainable by fractional distillation of palmarosa, citronella, or lemongrass essential oils in which it naturally occurs. Enzymatic synthesis via lipase-catalysed transesterification in supercritical CO₂ or n-hexane has been demonstrated at laboratory scale (Candida antarctica lipase, ~85% yield after 72 hours). Available commercially in multiple grades: natural (ex palmarosa), synthetic, and FCC food-grade.

Formula: C12H20O2
CAS: 105-87-3
Botanički naziv: N/A — synthetic ester (also found in Cymbopogon, Pelargonium, and Eucalyptus oils)
Izgled: Colorless to pale yellow clear liquid with sweet fruity-floral odor
Trajnost: 24 hour(s) at 100.00 %
Sinonimi: GERANYL ACETATE (E)-3,7-DIMETHYL-2,6-OCTADIEN-1-YL ACETATE

Status prema standardima IFRA

Pogledajte napomenu

Not subject to an IFRA Standard (51st Amendment)

Fizička svojstva

Tačka ključanja: 240.00 to 245.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Tačka paljenja: 219.00 °F. TCC ( 104.00 °C. )
Relativna gustina: 0.91090 to 0.91290 @ 25.00 °C.
Indeks prelamanja: 1.45300 to 1.46900 @ 20.00 °C.

U parfemima

Top-to-heart modifier and blending ester. Geranyl acetate functions primarily as a fruity-floral bridge: it smooths the junction between citrus openings and floral hearts without adding density. Indispensable in rose accords, where it provides the fruity dimension that separates a flat reconstruction from a convincing one — standard rose bases pair it with citronellol (green-rosy), phenylethyl alcohol (honeyed), rose oxide (metallic-green), and damascones (jammy richness). Beyond rose, it lifts lavender reconstructions, softens neroli accords, and adds transparency to white-floral bouquets. IFRA-unrestricted as of the 51st Amendment, though classified as a fragrance allergen under EU Regulation 2023/1545, requiring label declaration above 0.001% in leave-on products. The Good Scents Company recommends up to 12% in the fragrance concentrate; this is not an IFRA limit.

Uloga u formuli

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02sirovina za stapanje

03svežina

Oblici na tržištu

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