Propolis
Propolis, also called bee glue, is a resinous mixture that honey bees make from saliva, beeswax and exudate gathered from tree buds, sap flows or other botanical sources. It has a characteristic and pleasant aromatic smell.
- Type
- Sirovina
- Olfactive family
- Smolasti
- Source
- Animal (bee-collected plant resin)
- Chemical class
- complex natural
Miris
Klase i odležavanje
Detaljno
Zanimljivosti
The name propolis comes from the Greek pro, meaning for or in defence, and polis, the city. When a small lizard or mouse dies in the hive and cannot be carried out, bees may seal the carcass in propolis, essentially mummifying it and making it odorless and harmless.
Dobijanje i hemija
Način dobijanja
Propolis is extracted commercially with a suitable solvent. A tincture is made by mixing 1 part propolis with 9 parts grain alcohol, shaking the jar 2 to 3 times per day for up to 3 weeks and straining the mixture. A tincture is the preferred method because propolis dissolves well in alcohol without heat, and propolis melts when heated. The volatile oils of propolis are obtained by hydrodistillation, simultaneous hydrodistillation-extraction or headspace. Beekeepers can scrape propolis off the hive and frames, or use a propolis trap, which is essentially a queen excluder with smaller holes. Solvents reported for extracting propolis include ethanol, water, methanol, chloroform and petroleum ether.
- CAS
- 9009-62-5
- Botanički naziv
- N/A — resinous mixture produced by the western honey bee (Apis mellifera)
- Izgled
- Normally dark brown; also found in green, red, black and white hues
- Sinonimi
- bee glue
No IFRA Standard for the material itself (51st Amendment)
- Tačka topljenja
- 60–70 °C (liquid); some samples up to 100 °C
U parfemima
Propolis is commonly used as an ingredient in food, beverage and consumer goods industries. An odour reconstitution model made from deodorized beeswax and 22 odorants in their natural concentrations closely matched the olfactory profile of authentic propolis.
Pogledajte i
6 nota