Водорості

Seaweed lacks a formal definition, but it generally lives in the ocean and is visible to the naked eye. The term includes some types of red, brown and green macroalgae. Most brown algae contain the pigment fucoxanthin, which is responsible for the distinctive greenish-brown color that gives them their name. All brown algae contain alginic acid (alginate) in their cell walls. Red algae contain over 7,000 recognized species within over 900 genera. Dulse (Palmaria palmata) is one of the most consumed red algae and is a source of iodine, protein, magnesium and calcium. The vast majority of red algae species are marine, and about 200 live only in fresh water. Brown algae produce phlorotannins, a specific type of tannin, in higher amounts than red algae do. The giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera grows to over 50 m long and is the largest of all the algae. Kelps provide nursery habitat for fisheries and other marine species, and planktonic algae produce at least 50% of Earth's oxygen.

Fucus vesiculosus, known by the common name bladderwrack, is a brown alga found on the coasts of the North Sea, the western Baltic Sea and the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Its fronds grow to 150 cm long and carry almost spherical air bladders, usually paired on either side of the mid-rib. The species is especially common on sheltered shores; on exposed shores it is rare, and any specimens may be short, stunted and without air vesicles. Fucus vesiculosus can be cooked and eaten. Fucus vesiculosus, freshly washed up on a seashore, is true to what is meant by 'seaweed' in the context of odors.

Laminaria digitata, or oarweed, is an edible brown alga of the kelp group. Laminaria is also known as kelp. It grows 8 to 30 m under water and is cultivated for food. Laminaria seaweed absolute bolsters marine notes in prepared foods as well as the flavors of fish and shellfish. Its moss and humus notes also make it well-suited for mushroom flavors.

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