Будлея

Buddleia (Buddleja davidii), the butterfly bush, is a flowering shrub of the family Scrophulariaceae. It is also called orange eye or summer lilac. The flowers are lilac to purple or occasionally white and are produced in terminal panicles. Each panicle consists of many hundreds of tiny flowers. The flowers have an orange nectar guide.

Abundant compounds in the scent include the irregular terpenoid 4-oxoisophorone and derivatives of it, the sesquiterpene (E,E)-α-farnesene and the aromatic compound 2-phenylethanol. Oxoisophorone epoxide is present in high amounts in the floral scent. Some compounds detected in scent samples of the plant, such as 2-phenylethanol and phenylacetaldehyde, are also released from other plants visited by butterflies. In tests with the peacock butterfly, olfactory cues were more attractive than visual cues. Feeding behavior was elicited only by olfactory cues, most effectively by 4-oxoisophorone and oxoisophorone epoxide.

The flowers feed many native butterflies and other pollinators. Buddleja davidii has become an invasive species in both Europe and North America. The plant frequently grew on urban bomb sites after World War II, which earned it the nickname of the bomb site plant. Buddleia flourished in the bomb sites of London during the 1940s and '50s.