Кедр (cedar)
Pencil shavings, a dry wooden chest, the inside of a cigar box. Cedar in perfumery is not one wood but three — Virginia, Atlas, and Himalayan — each with a distinct chemical fingerprint and a different shade of dry.
- Type
- Складник
- Olfactive family
- Деревні
- Source
- heartwood
- Chemical class
- complex natural (essential oil) / sesquiterpene derivatives (synthetics)
Запах
Теруар і зрілість
Докладно
Цікавий факт
Virginia cedarwood oil is largely a byproduct of pencil manufacturing. The connection is not metaphorical — the sharp, dry smell people associate with cedarwood in perfumery is literally the smell of freshly sharpened pencils. The same Juniperus virginiana heartwood that encases graphite in pencil casings yields the essential oil through steam distillation of manufacturing waste.
Отримання й хімія
Спосіб отримання
Steam distillation of heartwood, sawmill waste, and wood chips. Virginia cedarwood (Juniperus virginiana): yield approximately 2-3.5% oil from heartwood, depending on heartwood-to-sapwood ratio. Much of the oil is a byproduct of pencil manufacturing and timber processing. Steam distillation captures roughly 50% of the oil theoretically present in the wood; extended distillation (10-12 hours) improves recovery. Atlas cedarwood (Cedrus atlantica): steam distilled from wood, yield approximately 3-5%. Destructive (dry) distillation was used historically but produces a smokier, less clean product. The oil can be fractionated to isolate cedrol (mp 86 C), which is then converted to derivatives: methylation yields Cedramber, acetylation of cedrene fractions yields Vertofix.
- Формула
- C₁₅H₂₆O (Cedrol, key component) · C₁₅H₂₄ (alpha-Cedrene)
- CAS
- 8000-27-9 (Virginia cedarwood oil) / 8023-85-6 (Atlas cedarwood oil) / 68990-83-0 (Texas cedarwood oil)
- Ботанічна назва
- Cedrus
- Зовнішній вигляд
- colorless to pale yellow clear liquid
- Сила запаху
- Середня
- Синоніми
- CEDARWOOD / CEDAR OIL / BOIS DE CEDRE / CEDERNHOLZOEL
No specific restriction under IFRA 51st Amendment (2024). Essential oils may contain constituents subject to IFRA limits per Annex I. No concentration cap on cedarwood oil itself.
- Температура кипіння
- 262–264°C (cedrol)
- Температура спалаху
- >93°C
- Відносна густина
- 0.940–0.960 @ 25°C
- Показник заломлення
- 1.502–1.520 @ 20°C
У парфумерії
Cedar functions as a structural base note — a used woody materials in perfumery. It anchors compositions without imposing flavor. Its dryness complements citrus top notes without competing; its persistence supports volatile florals; its clean character avoids the heaviness of oud or the sweetness of sandalwood. In masculine and unisex compositions it is nearly ubiquitous. Key synthetic derivatives: Cedramber (cedryl methyl ether, CAS 19870-74-7) provides a dry amber-cedar diffusion. Vertofix (methyl cedryl ketone, CAS 32388-55-9) adds a crystalline, mineral woody quality with notable tenacity. Cedrol crystals (CAS 77-53-2) deliver a pure woody-camphoraceous note. The shift toward these synthetics has accelerated as natural Atlas cedarwood oil has become scarce and expensive due to the Endangered status of Cedrus atlantica. Virginia cedarwood oil, cheaper and more abundant (a byproduct of the American timber and pencil industry), remains the primary natural source.
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