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НатуральнийЗЕЛЕНІ НОТИ, ТРАВИ Й ФУЖЕРНІ АКОРДИцитрусовий · деревний · свіжий
Верхні нотиПіраміда
4/5Сила
—Стійкість
—Походження
Зразок
П
Верхні ноти
Cuminum cyminum (cumin)
Визначення

Para-cymene is a naturally occurring aromatic organic compound, an alkylbenzene related to monocyclic monoterpenes. Its odor is mild and pleasant, and when pure it has a weak citrus odor.

ЦИТРУСОВИЙ ДЕРЕВНИЙ СВІЖИЙ
p-cymene, 4-isopropyltoluene, 4-methylcumene, p-cymol, p-isopropyltoluene, paracymene
Type
Складник
Olfactive family
Ароматичні
Source
essential oils (cumin, thyme)
Chemical class
aromatic hydrocarbon (alkylbenzene related to monocyclic monoterpenes)
Інструменти
Піраміда
ВВерхні ноти
СНоти серця
ББазові ноти
4/5Сила
Висока
інтенсивність запаху

Запах

The odor is mild and pleasant. It is described as sweetish and aromatic, and when pure as a weak citrus odor. The aroma is also described as citrusy, reminiscent of lemon.

Докладно

Para-cymene (4-isopropyltoluene) is a naturally occurring aromatic organic compound. Its structure consists of a benzene ring para-substituted with a methyl group and an isopropyl group. It is a constituent of a number of essential oils, most commonly the oil of cumin and thyme.

It is insoluble in water but miscible with organic solvents. Two less common isomers exist, o-cymene and m-cymene, and p-cymene is the only natural one. Hydrogenation gives the saturated derivative p-menthane. It is also a common ligand for ruthenium.

The aromatic backbone of thymol and carvacrol is formed from γ-terpinene, not from p-cymene as had been proposed. When the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase enzymes (SDRs) were left out, only p-cymene formed, by rearrangement of the cyclohexadienol intermediates.

Together with m-cymene, p-cymene is mainly of interest as a precursor to the respective cresols.

p-Cymene is classed as a flavouring agent, and no safety concern was found at current levels of intake when it is used as one.

Explore all seven extraits in the Discovery Set.

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Related: Alpha Pinene · Angelica · Angelica Root · Angelica Root Oil · Artemisia · Barrenwort · Beachheather · Behini Tree

Отримання й хімія

Спосіб отримання

p-Cymene is prepared by alkylation of toluene with propylene. Various Lewis acids, such as aluminium trichloride, catalyze these alkylations. Terpenes such as alpha-pinene, beta-pinene and limonene are converted to cymenes by contact with an alkali metal carbonate catalyst on a support at 300 to 475 °C. Significant amounts of cymene are formed from wood terpenes in the sulfite pulping process.

Формула
C₁₀H₁₄
CAS
99-87-6
Ботанічна назва
Cuminum cyminum (cumin)
Зовнішній вигляд
colorless to pale yellow mobile liquid
Сила запаху
Висока
Синоніми
p-cymene, 4-isopropyltoluene, 4-methylcumene, p-cymol, p-isopropyltoluene, paracymene
Статус IFRA
Див. примітку

No IFRA Standard for the material itself (51st Amendment)

Фізичні властивості
Температура кипіння
177 °C
Температура плавлення
-68.9 °C
Температура спалаху
47 °C (117 °F)
Відносна густина
0.857 at 68 °F
Показник заломлення
1.4908 at 20 °C

У парфумерії

Cumin oil, whose major volatile components include cymene, is used for a variety of flavors and perfumes.

Роль у формулі
01модифікатор
02піднесення верхніх нот
03свіжість
Форми випуску
ефірна олія синтетична речовина

Див. також

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