Ефірна олія давани

НатуральнийФРУКТИ, ОВОЧІ Й ГОРІХИфруктовий · трав’яний · теплий
Верхні ноти·Ноти серцяПіраміда
—Сила
128годСтійкість
1Походження
Зразок
Ефірна олія давани як парфумерна сировина
Верхні ноти й ноти серця
Artemisia pallens
Визначення

Davana oil is the essential oil steam-distilled from the flowering top of Artemisia pallens. Its aroma is fruity, with berry and black currant notes.

Fruité
90
Vert
65
Balsamique
56
davana herb oil, Artemisia pallens oil, davana flower oil
Type
Складник
Olfactive family
Фруктові
Source
leaves and flowers
Chemical class
complex natural (essential oil)
Інструменти
Піраміда
ВВерхні ноти
СНоти серця
ББазові ноти
Стійкість на блотері
128годин · 5 днів
1 год6 год24 год3 дн.7 дн.400 год
за 100 %
Країни-виробники
Індія

Запах

Davana oil is balanced between sweet herbaceous notes and an exceptionally rich and syrupy fruity dimension. As it dries, leathery notes develop and nuance its fragrance. Another description gives a rich, sweet, fruity and slightly woody smell with a subtle vanilla note. The odour is also described as fruity, leafy, berry, black currant, balsam and raisin. It is further described as sweet and tea-like, recalling dried fruits such as apricot and prune, with a slightly boozy character like mulled wine.

Теруар і післязбиральна обробка

Докладно

Davana oil is the essential oil of Artemisia pallens, an annual aromatic herb of the family Asteraceae. The plant is an erect herb about 60 cm tall, with much divided leaves and small yellow flowers. Its stem and leaves are covered with grayish-white tomentum. It grows from seeds and cuttings and reaches maturity in four months. It is mostly grown in the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu.

The oil content is highest when the crop is grown in winter. For oil production the crop should be planted during the first week of November. High temperature and heavy rains at the time of flowering reduce the oil content and the oil yield. The crop starts flowering after 110-115 days of sowing.

The major constituents of the oil are davanone, davana ether, davana furan and linalool. Methyl cinnamate, ethyl cinnamate, bicyclogermacrene, 2-hydroxyisodavanone, farnesol, geranyl acetate, sesquiterpene lactones and germacranolides are also found. Davanone, a sesquiterpene ketone, is the primary constituent and makes up 30 to 65% of the oil, depending on the climate and the growth stage of the plant. A sesquiterpene ketone called cis-davanone is reported to be responsible for the characteristic odour of the oil. In one analysis, cis-davanone made up 53.0% of the oil, followed by bicyclogermacrene at 6.9% and trans-ethyl cinnamate at 4.9%. It has been suggested that a good quality oil should contain at least 40% davanone. Between the emergence of the flower heads and the start of seed set, the amounts of davanone and linalool decrease while those of (Z)- and (E)-methyl cinnamate, (E)-ethyl cinnamate, bicyclogermacrene, davana ether, 2-hydroxyisodavanone and farnesol increase.

Davana leaves and stalks are used in making bouquets, garlands, and fresh or dry flower arrangements. Cultivation of Artemisia pallens has also been tried in the Kashmir valley, where an oil made up of 72.59% davanone was reported.

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—

Related: 4 Methylanisole · Almaciga · Arnica · Assam Tea · Calycanthus · Camphor · Canvas · Carvone

Цікавий факт

On the Wadi Ratnagiri Mountain near Kolhapur, home of Shri Jotiba, davana is used exclusively as an offering to this deity at the temple. Davana is rarely used in cooking, though in India it is sometimes added to herbal teas for flavor.

Отримання й хімія

Спосіб отримання

The oil is obtained by steam distillation of the flowering top. The plants should be harvested when about 50% of them have come to the flowering stage, usually at the end of February or in the first week of March. Harvesting is done by cutting the plants from the base. The harvested material is dried under shade for 2 days before distillation. The flower heads contribute the major portion of the oil. An average recovery of around 0.2% under large-scale distillation, yielding 12-13 kg of oil per hectare, may be considered satisfactory.

Формула
Complex natural mixture (key constituents: davanone C₁₅H₂₄O₂; linalool; davana ether; davana furan)
CAS
8016-03-3
Ботанічна назва
Artemisia pallens
Зовнішній вигляд
Pale yellow to yellowish brown clear liquid
Стійкість
128 hours at 100%
Синоніми
davana herb oil, Artemisia pallens oil, davana flower oil
Статус IFRA
Див. примітку

No IFRA Standard for the material itself (51st Amendment)

Фізичні властивості
Температура спалаху
> 200 °F. TCC ( > 93.33 °C. )
Відносна густина
0.94200 to 0.97030 @ 25.00 °C
Показник заломлення
1.47900 to 1.49100 @ 20.00 °C

У парфумерії

Davana oil is used in making perfumes of sweet and fruity fragrances. It is used at the heart of yellow fruity accords, in liqueur reconstitutions and as a top note in fruity-floral perfumes. Perfumery and flavor industries demand oil rich in davanone, of more than 50%. A high davanone content may enhance the overall aroma of the oil, perhaps because of its fixative property. In the international trade, particularly in the USA and Japan, the oil is used for flavouring cakes, pastries, tobacco and beverages.

Роль у формулі
01модифікатор
02фірмова нота
03сполучний компонент
Форми випуску
ефірна олія

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