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Eglantine rose (Rosa rubiginosa, syn. R. eglanteria) is a species of rose native to Europe and western Asia. It is a dense deciduous shrub 2-3 meters high and across, with hooked prickles on the stems. The leaves are pinnately compound, with rounded to oval leaflets and numerous glandular hairs. Sweet in the name refers to the apple fragrance of the leaves, while briar refers to its being a thorny bush.

The flowers are 1.8-3 cm in diameter, with five pink petals that have a white base. They are produced in clusters of 2-7 from late spring to mid-summer. The fruit is a globose to oblong red hip 1-2 cm in diameter. Large red hips follow the flowers and last well into winter.

It is native to most of Europe with the exception of the extreme north, above 61°N. In Southern Europe it lives at higher altitudes, usually 1,000 to 1,700 m. It is widespread in Britain, though often as an escape or introduction. It is sometimes planted as hedging.

Rose hip seed oil contains significant amounts of the polyunsaturated essential fatty acids linoleic acid and linolenic acid, as well as the monounsaturated oleic acid.

Rosa rubiginosa has become an invasive species in most of Argentine Patagonia and in the south of Chile. It is also an invasive species in southeast Australia. Cattle spread the seed efficiently through their feces.

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